|
Pierre Gilliard (16 May 1879 – 30 May 1962) was a Swiss academic and author, best known as the French language tutor to the five children of Emperor Nicholas II of Russia from 1905 to 1918. In 1921, after the Russian Revolution of 1917, he published a memoir, ''Thirteen Years at the Russian Court'', about his time with the family. In his memoirs, Gilliard described Tsarina Alexandra's torment over her son's haemophilia and her faith in the ability of starets Grigori Rasputin to heal the boy.〔Massie, ''Nicholas and Alexandra'', 1967〕 ==Biography== Pierre Gilliard was born on 16 May 1879 in Vaud, Switzerland. In his memoirs, Gilliard wrote that he initially came to Russia in 1904 as a French tutor to the family of Duke George of Leuchtenberg, a cousin of the Romanov family. He was recommended as a French tutor to the Tsar's children and began teaching the elder children, Grand Duchesses Olga and Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia in 1905. He grew fond of the family and followed them into internal exile at Tobolsk, Siberia, following the Russian Revolution of 1917. The Bolsheviks prevented Gilliard from joining his pupils when they were moved to the Ipatiev House in Ekaterinburg in May 1918.〔Klier and Mingay, p. 33; Massie, ''The Romanovs'', p. 172〕 He described his final view of the children in his memoirs: Gilliard remained in Siberia after the murders of the family, assisting White Russian investigator Nicholas Sokolov. He married Alexandra "Shura" Tegleva, who had been a nurse to Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia, in 1919. In Siberia, he was instrumental in unmasking an impostor who claimed to be the Tsarevich Alexei.〔Klier and Mingay, p. 77〕 In 1920, he returned to Switzerland via the Russian Far East. He became a French professor at the University of Lausanne and was awarded the French Legion of Honor.〔Massie, ''Nicholas and Alexandra'', pp. 525–526〕 In 1921, he published a book entitled ''Le Tragique Destin de Nicholas II et de sa famille'', which described the last days of the Tsar and his family, and the subsequent investigation into their deaths.〔Klier and Mingay, p. 76〕 In 1958, Gilliard was severely injured in a car accident in Lausanne. He never fully recovered and died four years later on 30 May 1962.〔Kurth, p. 300〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pierre Gilliard」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|